Malaria Specialist Doctor Near Me The malaria parasite is transmitted via the bite of a female Anopheles spp mosquito, which occurs mainly between dusk and dawn. Malaria occurs throughout most of the tropical regions of the world, with P. falciparum causing the largest burden of disease, followed by Plasmodium vivax. The principal determinants of the epidemiology of malaria are the number ( density ), the human – biting habits ( indoors or outdoors ), and the longevity of the female anopheline vectors. The initial symptoms of malaria are nonspecific and may also include fever, chills, malaise, fatigue, headache, nausea, vomiting, cough, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea, joint and muscle pain. Laboratory evaluation may demonstrate parasites in blood, low hemoglobin, low platelet count along with deranged liver and kidney function tests. Severe malaria includes clinical manifestations like seizures, altered consciousness, severe anemia, low blood sugar, respiratory distress, bleeding disorders, kidney and liver failure. Those that are at the greatest risk for severe disease include persons with low immunity, children 6 months to 59 months of age, and pregnant individuals. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of malaria is critical for implementation of appropriate treatment to reduce associated morbidity and mortality. Hence a specialist should be consulted at the earliest. Tools for diagnosis include microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests. Smear examination via light microscopy is the standard tool for diagnosis of malaria. The treatment should always be under the supervision of a specialist. The treatment generally includes therapy with artemisinin combination therapy ( ACT ). Recurrent infection can result from treatment failure or reinfection. Tools for human protection from malaria infection include protection from mosquito bites, chemoprevention and vaccination. Repellants applied to exposed skin may be used to protect against mosquito bites. Use of long lasting insecticide treated nets is an important tool for malaria control. A successful malaria vaccine has the potential to reduce the global disease burden, still not available in our country. Indoor residual spraying involves spraying insecticide on indoor residential walls and ceilings. Tools for vector control include larval control and genetic control.